Fuel cells generate electricity by means of an electrochemical reaction whereby hydrogen ions and oxygen combine to form water. ... Date: Mon, 06 Nov 2006 20:24:40 GMT People's Daily Online -- China understands African countries' anxiety about elimination of textile quota, Premier Wen China understands the anxiety of African countries including Mauritius about their textile trade aft... Health ministers from African countries have resisted pressure to adopt a joint statement supporting legal abortion, the Catholic Family and Human Rights Institute (C-Fam) reports... Pretoria - He is a little shy and stays close to his mother for most of the time, but Willie the first koala born in Africa can now be seen by the public... South African Airways (SAA) is further expanding its foothold in Africa after signing codeshare agreements with Egypt Air and Rwandair Express...780 more years of platinum in 'richest mineral deposit on earth' 
She says that PGMs justify their prices because of their superior performance in specific applications.
Three-way catalyst (TWC) compositions employ platinum, palladium, and rhodium in various combinations for the abatement of emissions from gasoline and rich-burn engines. TWCs simultaneously remove carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrous oxides from exhaust emissions.
Owing to their remarkable white colour, platinum and palladium are very popular jewellery metals in Asian markets.
PGMs are used extensively in the chemicals sector as catalysts and 360 000 oz of platinum are used a year in electrical goods. Hard disks for personal and business computers, video recorders and motion-picture three music players are important consumers of platinum.
#x201C;A potential remarkable use for platinum in the future is in fuel-cell technology.
#x201C;Since water is the only by product of the fuel-cell reaction, the technology is extremely environmentally friendly.
The two electrodes in the fuel cell consist of a carbon-based substrate coated with a platinum catalyst.
#x201C;Fuel cells have been extensively researched over the past three decades and, although several breakthroughs have been made, numerous challenges still remain before commecialisation of affordable fuel-cell powered or equivalent zero-emission vehicles can commence.
#x201C;If large-scale commercialisation becomes a reality, most platinum will be used in proton-exchange-membrane and direct-methanol fuel cells for automotive, electronic and stationary power applications. Commercialisation of these two types of fuel cells in portable electronic devices is expected within the next 18 months, Van der Lingen forecasts.
- A full version of the three articles to mark the Platinum Centenary appear in the November 10, 2006, edition of Creamer Media's Mining Weekly, a date which coincides exactly to the day with the Bushveld's historic documention.
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| Dwayne Jenkings | by www.miningweekly.co.za. All rights reserved. | 10.11 | 17:09 |
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